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CDAC CCAT Study Materials
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Section A [ Quantitative ] 44
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Lecture2.1
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Lecture2.2
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Lecture2.3
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Lecture2.4
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Lecture2.5
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Lecture2.6
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Lecture2.7
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Lecture2.8
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Lecture2.9
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Lecture2.10
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Lecture2.11
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Lecture2.12
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Lecture2.13
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Lecture2.14
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Lecture2.15
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Lecture2.16
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Lecture2.17
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Lecture2.18
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Lecture2.19
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Lecture2.20
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Lecture2.21
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Lecture2.22
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Lecture2.23
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Lecture2.24
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Lecture2.25
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Lecture2.26
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Lecture2.27
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Lecture2.28
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Lecture2.29
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Lecture2.30
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Lecture2.31
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Lecture2.32
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Lecture2.33
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Lecture2.34
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Lecture2.35
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Lecture2.36
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Lecture2.37
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Lecture2.38
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Lecture2.39
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Lecture2.40
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Lecture2.41
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Lecture2.42
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Lecture2.43
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Lecture2.44
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Section A [ Verbal ] 6
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Lecture3.1
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Lecture3.2
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Lecture3.3
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Lecture3.4
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Lecture3.5
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Lecture3.6
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Section A [ Logical Reasoning ] 24
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Lecture4.1
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Lecture4.2
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Lecture4.3
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Lecture4.4
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Lecture4.5
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Lecture4.6
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Lecture4.7
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Lecture4.8
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Lecture4.9
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Lecture4.10
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Lecture4.11
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Lecture4.12
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Lecture4.13
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Lecture4.14
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Lecture4.15
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Lecture4.16
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Lecture4.17
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Lecture4.18
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Lecture4.19
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Lecture4.20
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Lecture4.21
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Lecture4.22
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Lecture4.23
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Lecture4.24
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Aptitude Series to Crack Section A [ Free Sample Videos ] 16
Note: CDAC CCAT Study Material Doesn't Contain videos we provide only Study Materials in this course , these videos are sample videos of our Aptitude Series
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Lecture5.1
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Lecture5.2
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Lecture5.3
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Lecture5.4
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Lecture5.5
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Lecture5.6
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Lecture5.7
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Lecture5.8
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Lecture5.9
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Lecture5.10
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Lecture5.11
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Lecture5.12
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Lecture5.13
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Lecture5.14
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Lecture5.15
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Lecture5.16
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Section B 15
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Lecture6.1
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Lecture6.2
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Lecture6.3
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Lecture6.4
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Lecture6.5
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Lecture6.6
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Lecture6.7
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Lecture6.8
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Lecture6.9
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Lecture6.10
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Lecture6.11
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Lecture6.12
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Lecture6.13
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Lecture6.14
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Lecture6.15
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Previous Papers 1
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Lecture7.1
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Quiz 4
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Lecture8.1
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Lecture8.2
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Lecture8.3
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Lecture8.4
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TENSES
Tense can be defined as a word form used to indicate the time of occurrence of an
incident with reference to the moment of speaking. It indicates the completion or
continuance of an activity.
Types of Tenses
β Past
β present
β Future
These tenses can further be categorized into 4 types:
β Simple Tense
β Continuous Tense
β Perfect Tense
β Perfect Continuous Tense
Past Tense Rules
Past tense is used to describe a past activity or action. It is a form of the verb that defines the
events that have already occurred. Examples
β Reema attended the wedding functions.
β He left before I reached.
β Priya wrote a letter to her friends from camp.
Present Tense Rules
The present tense is used to describe the current or present being, situation, or event. It is a
form of the verb that defines the events that are currently happening. Examples
β I am going to the office
β She has been part of this group for 4 years now.
β The concert is amazing.
Future Tense Rules
The future tense is used to describe the future events that havenβt occurred but possibly will
occur in the future. It is a form of the verb that will occur in the future & not exist currently.
Examples
β She will be dancing to classical music.
β We will be shifting to the house upstate tomorrow morning.
β The train will leave in 10 minutes.
Tenses
Tenses Rule
Past simple tense
Subject + V2 + Object
Past Perfect tense
Subject + had + V3 + Object
Past Continuous tense
Subject + was + V1 + ing +
Object (Singular)
Subject + were + V1 + ing +
Object (Plural)
Past perfect continuous
Subject + had been + V1 +
tense
ing + Object
Present Simple tense
Subject + V1 + s/es + Object
(Singular) Subject +
V1 + Object (Plural)
Present Perfect tense
Subject + has + V3 + Object
(Singular) Subject +
have + V3 + Object
(Plural)
Present Continuous tense
Subject + is/am/are + V1 +
ing + object
Present perfect continuous
Subject + has been + V1 +
tense
ing + Object
(Singular)Subject +
have been + V1 + ing +
Object (Plural)
Future Simple tense
Subject + will/shall + V1 +
Object
Future Perfect tense
Subject + will have/shall
have + V3 + Object
Future Continuous tense
Subject + will be/shall be +
ing + V1 + Object
Future Perfect Continuous
Subject + will have been +
tense
V1 + ing + Object
V1 = first form of the verb
V2 = second form of the verb
V3 = third form of the verb
Solved Examples
1) Air pollution caused by industrial effluents has been studied (A)/ for years, but only
recently has (B)/ the harmful effects of noise pollution become known.(C)/No error(D)
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: use have instead of has as harmful effects of noise pollution is plural.
2) The ministry was considered several proposals (A)/ for the development of small
and medium enterprises (B)/during Budget discussions.(C)/No error (D)
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Use simple past tense. (The ministry considered several proposals)
3) Having work(A)/ in both public and private sector banks(B)/she is the most suitable
person to take over the post of the chairman.(C)/No error(D)
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Replace work by worked as the sentence is of past tense.
4) Rohit started a very small business two years ago (A)/ but it grew very fast (B)/as
the country is experiencing a boom at that time.(C)/No error(D)
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The sentence is in the past tense, so use was experiencing.
5) Keeping in mind the current market conditions (A)/ it has better for us (B)/ to invest
in the infrastructure structure. (C)/No error(D)
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Replace it has better for us with βit is better for usβ. The sentence is in
the present tense.
Practice Problems
1) Our equipment gets (A)/ damage very often in summer (B)/ because there are too
many power cuts. (C)/No error (D)
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Use damaged instead of damage as the sentence is in passive voice. The
third form of the verb is used in passive voice.
2) Most children liked to rest in the afternoon (A)/ after they returned from school
(B)/but my son seems to have an inexhaustible source of energy. (C)/No error (D)
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: replace seems by seemed as the sentence is in the past tense.
3) The cutting down on costs (A)/was the main reason for the firm to survive (B)/even
during a very difficult period. (C)/No error (D)
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: No error
4) I will go (A)/ for the dance classes tomorrow (B)/ if I have recovered from fever.
(C)/No error. (D)
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: If I have recovered is to be replaced by if I recover. Sentences of future
beginning with if should be in simple present.
5) The principal announced (A)/ in the school assembly that the school fees (B)/ will
be hiked from the beginning of the next academic session. (C)/No error(D)
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Replace will with would. (The sentence is in indirect speech)
6) The terrorist did not (A)/ confessed his crime even till the very end (B)/of his trail
and said that he was innocent.(C) /No error (D)
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Replace confessed with confess. (We use the first form of the verb with
did).
7) If the industrial sector continues to grow(A)/ at the same rate for the next few
months(B)/ I think it has a high growth rate this year.(C)/No error (D)
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Replace I think it has with it will have as it is of the future tense.
8) Results find that girls (A)/ played not only more than boys(B)/ but also performed
better in many fields.(C)/No error (D)
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Replace find with found as the sentence is of past tense.
9) Celebrating her fifteen long years in the film industry (A)/the actor announce that he
would be doing a new show (B)/on television which would be done completely free of
cost.(C)/No error (D)
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Replace announce with announced as the sentence is of past tense.
10) Had I known (A)/ the weather forecast earlier (B)/I would not make plans to go
out. (C)/ No error (D)
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: replace βwould not makeβ with would not have made. (for imaginary
sentences of the past tense would have and the third form of the verb
is used). Itβs a conditional sentence.
11) If you to talk to him on this sensitive matter(A)/ it is probable(B)/ that he will not
listen to you at all.(C)/ No error (D)
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: No error
12) On many occasions (A)/we did helped the poor (B)/ people by way of giving them
food to eat and clothes to put on. (C)/ No error (D)
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Omit did
13) The farewell party continued (A)/till midnight as more and more(B)/ guests join in
the fun and frolic.(C)/ No error (D)
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: replace join with joined as the sentence is of past tense.
14) The market continues to be positive (A)/ and we expected the trend (B)/ to
continue in the next quarter also. (C)/No error (D)
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Replace expect with expect as the latter part of the sentence is of future
tense.
15) Big zamindars in the villages(A)/ who were till now paid for electricity(B)/ at
subsidized rates will soon have to pay the government at full rates.(C)/ No error(D)
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Replace paid with paying as the sentence is of past continuous tense.