The Cartesian slope-intercept equation for a straight line is
a) y = m.x + b
b) y = b.x + m
c) y = x.x + m
d) y = b + m.m
Answer: a
Explanation: Equation for a straight line is y = m.x + b.

2. For lines with slope magnitude |m|<1, ?x can be_________
a) A set corresponding vertical deflection
b) A set proportional to a small horizontal deflection voltage
c) Only a
d) All of the mentioned
Answer: b
Explanation:?x can be a set proportional to a small horizontal deflection voltage only if slope magnitude |m| < 1

3. On raster system, lines are plotted with
a) Lines
b) Dots
c) Pixels
d) None  of the mentioned
Answer: c
Explanation: Using pixels lines can be plotted.

4. Expansion of  line DDA algorithm is
a) Digital difference analyzer
b) Direct differential analyzer
c) Digital  differential analyzer
d) Data differential analyzer
Answer: c
Explanation: DDA stands for digital differential analyzer.

5. Which algorithm is a faster method for calculating pixel positions?
a) Bresenham’s line algorithm
b) Parallel line algorithm
c) Mid-point algorithm
d) DDA line algorithm
Answer: d
Explanation: The DDA is a faster method for calculating pixel positions.

6. The disadvantage of lineDDA is
a) Time consuming
b) Faster
c) Neither a nor b
d) None of the mentioned
Answer: a
Explanation: The DDA algorithm takes more time than other algorithm.

7. An accurate and efficient raster line-generating algorithm is
a) DDA algorithm
b) Mid-point algorithm
c) Parallel line algorithm
d) Bresenham’s line algorithm
Answer: d
Explanation: Bresenham’s line algorithm is a very efficient and accurate algorithm.

8. In Bresenham’s line algorithm, if the  distances d1 < d2 then decision parameter Pk is______
a) Positive
b) Equal
c) Negative
d) Option a or c
Answer: c
Explanation: If d1 < d2 then the decision variable is always negative.

9. Which is the best line algorithm to balance the processing load among the processers?
a) Parallel line algorithm
b) DDA line algorithm
c) Bresenham’s line algorithm
d) Position Bresenham’s line algorithm
Answer: a
Explanation: If there are ‘n’ processes then this algorithm divides it into number of partitions and generates line segments.

10. The algorithm which uses multiple processors to calculate  pixel positions is
a) Midpoint algorithm
b) Parallel line algorithm
c) Bresenham’s line algorithm
d) All of the mentioned
Answer: b
Explanation: In Parallel line algorithm each processors calculates pixel positions.

11. Coordinate references in the polyline function are stated as
a) Relative coordinate values
b) Absolute coordinate values
c) Current position
d) Real coordinate values
Answer: b
Explanation: Coordinate references in the polyline function are stated as absolute coordinate values.

12. To apply the midpoint method, we define
a) ?circle(x, y)= x 2+ y 2-? r?2
b) ?circle(x, y)= x+ y 2-? r?2
c) ?circle(x, y)= x 2– y 2-? r?2
d) ?circle(x, y)= x2+ y 2-? z?2
Answer: a
Explanation: None.

13. _______ is defined as set of points such that the sum of the distances is same for all points.
a) Ellipses
b) Lines
c) Circles
d) Only a
Answer: d
Explanation: Ellipses is defined as set of points.

14. If the boundary is specified in a single color, and if the algorithm proceeds pixel by pixel until the boundary color is encountered is called
a) Scan-line fill algorithm
b) Boundary-fill algorithm
c) Flood-fill algorithm
d) Parallel curve algorithm
Answer: b
Explanation: This algorithm proceeds outward pixel by pixel until the boundary color is encountered.

 

15. If we want to recolor an area that is not defined within a single color boundary is known as
a) Boundary-fill algorithm
b) Parallel curve algorithm
c) Flood-fill algorithm
d) Only b
Answer: c
Explanation: We can paint such areas by replacing a specified interior color.

16. We can think a line as a _____________________ in the grid.
a) Parallelogram
b) Rectangle
c) Circle
d) Triangle
Answer: b
Explanation: A line can be viewed as a rectangle of defined thickness. It covers a desired area in the grid. Even the thinnest horizontal line has a thickness of one pixel.

17. Line should set an intensity of only a single pixel in a column to black.
a) True
b) False
Answer: b
Explanation: A line should not set an intensity of a single pixel in a column to black, but rather should contribute some amount of intensity to each pixel in the column, whose area it intersects.

18. A signal can also be represented as ____________________
a) Amplitude domain
b) Signal domain
c) Frequency domain
d) Phase domain
Answer: c
Explanation: The signal can also be represented as a frequency domain, that is why we may represent it as a sum of two different sine waves.

19. What is lower bound on the sampling rate known as?
a) Syquist rate
b) Nyquist rate
c) Hartley rate
d) Sampling rate
Answer: b
Explanation: Sampling theory tells us that a signal can be reconstructed by its samples. The original signal is sampled at a frequency larger than twice. This sampling rate is called Nyquist rate.

20. The equal area in area sampling contributes _______________
a) Equal intensity
b) Greater intensity
c) Lower intensity
d) Area is not dependent on the intensity
Answer: a
Explanation: The equal area contributes to equal intensity in area sampling. Only the total amount of overlapped area matters, regardless of the distance between the pixel’s centre.

21. Which of the following is NOT a type of area sampling?
a) Weighted area sampling
b) Unweighted area sampling
c) Anti-aliasing
d) Point sampling
Answer: d
Explanation: Weighted and unweighted area sampling are types of area sampling classified on the basis of proportionality of intensity. Anti-aliasing is another name of unweighted area sampling whereas, point sampling is not a type of area sampling.

22. The technique of setting the intensity proportional to the amount of area covered is used in weighted area sampling.
a) True
b) False
Answer: b
Explanation: The technique of setting the intensity proportional to the amount of area covered is used in unweighted area sampling. This technique produces noticeably better results than others.

23. What happens to intensity if an area of overlapping increases?
a) Intensity remains same
b) Intensity decreases
c) Intensity increases
d) Can’t say anything
Answer: c
Explanation: When the line covers pixel completely the intensity is a maximum while when the line doesn’t touch the pixel the intensity is zero. Hence we can say, the intensity is directly proportional to the overlapping area.

24. What is the effect of weighted area sampling on adjacent pixels?
a) Intensity is increased
b) Intensity is decreased
c) Contrast is increased
d) Contrast is decreased
Answer: d
Explanation: The net effect of weighted area sampling is to decrease the contrast of adjacent pixels. This gives a lot of help in order to provide smooth transactions.

25. What is the name of the effect that causes different signals to become indistinguishable?
a) Aliasing
b) Anti-aliasing
c) Sampling
d) Staircase effect
Answer: a
Explanation: When the resolution is too low, visual stair-stepping of edges occurs in an image. That effect is called aliasing.

1. A translation is applied to an object by
a) Repositioning it along with straight line path
b) Repositioning it along with circular path
c) Only b
d) All of the mentioned
Answer: a
Explanation: A translation is applied to an object by repositioning it along with straight line path from one location to another.

2.We translate a two-dimensional point by adding
a) Translation distances
b) Translation difference
c) X and Y
d) Only a
Answer: d
Explanation: We can translate 2D point by adding translation distances dx and dy.

3.The translation distances (dx, dy) is called as
a) Translation vector
b) Shift vector
c) Both a and b
d) Neither a nor b
Answer: c
Explanation: The translation distances (dx, dy) from its original position is called as translation vector or shift vector.

4.In 2D-translation, a point (x, y) can  move to the new position (x’, y’) by using the equation
a) x’=x+dx and y’=y+dx
b) x’=x+dx and y’=y+dy
c) X’=x+dy and Y’=y+dx
d) X’=x-dx and y’=y-dy
Answer: b
Explanation: By adding translation distance dx and dy to its originsl position (x, y) we can obtain a new position (x’, y’).

5.The two-dimensional translation equation in the matrix form is
a) P’=P+T
b) P’=P-T
c) P’=P*T
d) P’=p
Answer: a
Explanation: The 2D translation equation is P’=P+T.

6._________ is a rigid body transformation that moves objects without deformation.
a) Rotation
b) Scaling
c) Translation
d) All of the mentioned
Answer: c
Explanation: Translation a rigid body transformation that moves objects without deformation.

7.A straight line segment is translated by applying the transformation equation
a) P’=P+T
b) Dx and Dy
c) P’=P+P
d) Only c
Answer: a
Explanation: A straight line segment is translated by applying the transformation equation P’=P+T to each of line endpoints.

8.Polygons are translated by adding __________ to the coordinate position of each vertex and the current attribute setting.
a) Straight line path
b) Translation vector
c) Differences
d) Only b
Answer: d
Explanation: None.

9.To change the position of a circle or ellipse we translate
a) Center coordinates
b) Center coordinates and redraw the figure in new location
c) Outline coordinates
d) All of the mentioned
Answer: b
Explanation: By translating the center coordinates and redraw the figure in new location we can change the position of a circle or ellipse.

10.The basic geometric transformations are
a) Translation
b) Rotation
c) Scaling
d) All of the mentioned
Answer: d
Explanation: These are the basic geometric transformations and other transformations are reflection and shear.

11.A two dimensional rotation is applied to an object by
a) Repositioning it along with straight line path
b) Repositioning it along with circular path
c) Only b
d) Any of the mentioned
Answer: c
Explanation: A two dimensional rotation is applied to an object by repositioning it along with circular path.

12.To generate a rotation , we must specify
a) Rotation angle ϴ
b) Distances dx and dy
c) Rotation distance
d) All of the mentioned
Answer: a
Explanation: Generate a rotation, we must specify rotation angle ϴ of the rotation point or pivot point which the object is to be rotated.

13.Positive values for the rotation angle ϴ defines
a) Counterclockwise rotations about the end points
b) Counterclockwise translation about the pivot point
c) Counterclockwise rotations about the pivot point
d) Negative direction
Answer: c
Explanation: A positive value for the rotation angle ϴ defines counterclockwise rotations about the pivot point.

14.The rotation axis that is perpendicular to the xy plane and passes through the pivot point is known as
a) Rotation
b) Translation
c) Scaling
d) Shearing
Answer: a
Explanation: The rotation transformation is also described as a rotation about a rotation axis that is perpendicular to the xy plane and passes through the pivot point.

15.The original coordinates of the point in polor coordinates are
a) X’=r cos (Ф +ϴ) and Y’=r cos (Ф +ϴ)
b) X’=r cos (Ф +ϴ) and Y’=r sin (Ф +ϴ)
c) X’=r cos (Ф -ϴ) and Y’=r cos (Ф -ϴ)
d) X’=r cos (Ф +ϴ) and Y’=r sin (Ф -ϴ)
Answer: b
Explanation: The original coordinates of the point in polor coordinates are X’=r cos (Ф +ϴ) and Y’=r sin (Ф +ϴ).

16.The two-dimensional rotation equation in the matrix form is
a) P’=P+T
b) P’=R*P
c) P’=P*P
d) P’=R+P
Answer: b
Explanation: The 2D translation equation is P’=R*P.

17.________ is the rigid body transformation that moves object without deformation.
a) Translation
b) Scaling
c) Rotation
d) Shearing
Answer: c
Explanation: Rotation is the rigid body transformation that moves object without deformation.

18.An ellipse can also be rotated about its center coordinates by rotating
a) End points
b) Major and minor axes
c) Only a
d) None
Answer: b
Explanation: None.

19.The transformation that is used to alter the size of an object is
a) Scaling
b) Rotation
c) Translation
d) Reflection
View Answer Answer: a
Explanation: Scaling is used to alter the size of an object.

20.The two-dimensional scaling equation in the matrix form is
a) P’=P+T
b) P’=S*P
c) P’=P*R
d) P’=R+S
View Answer Answer: b
Explanation: The 2d scaling equation is P’=S*P.

21.Scaling of a polygon is done by computing
a) The product of (x, y) of each vertex
b) (x, y) of end points
c) Center coordinates
d) Only a
View Answer Answer: d
Explanation: Scaling of a polygon is done by computing the product of (x, y) of each vertex with scaling factor sx and sy to produce the transformation coordinates ( Xnew, Ynew).

22.If the scaling factors values sx and sy < 1 then
a) It reduces the size of object
b) It increases the size of object
c) It stunts the shape of an object
d) None
View Answer Answer: a
Explanation:  If the scaling factors values sx and sy < 1 then it reduces the size of object.

23.If the scaling factors values sx and sy are assigned to the same value then
a) Uniform rotation is produced
b) Uniform scaling is produced
c) Scaling cannot be done
d) Scaling can be done or cannot be done
View Answer Answer: b
Explanation: When sx and sy are assigned the same value then uniform scaling is produced that maintains relative object proportions.

24.If the scaling factors values sx and sy are assigned to unequal values then
a) Uniform rotation is produced
b) Uniform scaling is produced
c) Differential scaling is produced
d) Scaling cannot be done
View Answer Answer: c
Explanation: Unequal values for sx and sy results in differential scaling that is often used in design applications

25.The objects transformed using the equation  P’=S*P should be
a) Scaled
b) Repositioned
c) Both a and b
d) Neither a nor b
View Answer Answer: c
Explanation: The objects transformed using the equation P’=S*P should be scaled and repositioned.

26.We control the location of a scaled object by choosing the position is known as
a) Pivot point
b) Fixed point
c) Differential scaling
d) Uniform scaling
View Answer Answer: b
Explanation: None.

27.If the value of sx=1  and sy=1 then
a) Reduce the size of object
b) Distort the picture
c) Produce an enlargement
d) No change in the size of an object
View Answer Answer: d
Explanation: sx=sx=1 does not change the size of the object.

28.The polygons are scaled by applying the following transformation.
a) X’=x * Sx + Xf(1-Sx) and Y’=y * Sy + Yf(1-Sy)
b) X’=x * Sx + Xf(1+Sx) and Y’=y * Sy + Yf(1+Sy)
c) X’=x * Sx + Xf(1-Sx) and Y’=y * Sy – Yf(1-Sy)
d) X’=x * Sx * Xf(1-Sx) and Y’=y * Sy * Yf(1-Sy)
View Answer Answer: a
Explanation: The polygons are scaled by applying the transformation X’=x * Sx + Xf(1-Sx) and Y’=y * Sy + Yf(1-Sy).

1.A view is selected by specifying a sub-area of the __________ picture area.
a) half
b) total
c) full
d) quarter
Answer: b
Explanation: We consider a formal mechanism of view, that is, which part of the picture is to be displayed. That’s why we select a view by specifying a sub-area of the total picture area.

2.Co-ordinates are ranging according to the screen resolution.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Explanation: When we display a scene, only those objects which have a particular window are displayed. So for that mechanism to work, co-ordinates are made to range themselves according to the screen resolution.  

3.Any convenient co-ordinate system or Cartesian co-ordinates which can be used to define the picture is called ___________
a) spherical co-ordinates
b) vector co-ordinates
c) viewport co-ordinates
d) world co-ordinates
Answer: d
Explanation: World Coordinate Systems (WCS) are the type of coordinate systems which describe the physical coordinates associated with a data array, such as sky coordinates. It is also used to denote wavelengths of a spectrum and to draw astronomical images.

4.Which of the following co-ordinates are NOT used in 2d viewing transformation?
a) modelling co-ordinates
b) viewing co-ordinates
c) vector co-ordinates
d) device co-ordinates
Answer: c
Explanation: Vector co-ordinates are used to denote vectors which are physical quantities having magnitude as well as direction. In 2d viewing transformations- Modelling co-ordinates, viewing co-ordinates, Normalised co-ordinates and Device co-ordinates are used.

5.The process of elimination of parts of a scene outside a window or a viewport is called _____________
a) cutting
b) plucking
c) clipping
d) editing
Answer: c
Explanation: Clipping is the process of cutting out extra material. In the context of computer graphics, clipping is a method to selectively enable or disable rendering operations within a defined region of interest.

6.For a 2d transformation viewing, in how many ways a clipping algorithm can be applied?
a) 3
b) 2
c) 1
d) 5
Answer: b
Explanation: Clipping algorithm can be applied in two ways for 2d transformation viewing. Two ways in which clipping algorithms can be applied are- 1) world co-ordinate clipping.  2) viewport clipping.

7.Which of the following is NOT a type of clipping algorithm used on the raster system?
a) line clipping
b) point clipping
c) area clipping
d) solid clipping
Answer: d
Explanation: Since clipping is done in 2 dimensional viewing and solid is a 3 dimensional object so clipping algorithm can’t be applied on a solid object. Instead of solid clipping, there is another type of clipping algorithm known as curve clipping. 

8.For a point to be clipped, which of the following conditions must be satisfied by the point?
a) xwmin < x < xwmax
b) xwmin = x = xwmax
c) xwmin > x > xwmax
d) ywmin = y = ywmax
Answer: c
Explanation: A point P(x,y) is NOT clipped if x is more than the minimum value of x and less than the maximum value of x. Mathematically, it can be written as  “xwmin  ≤ x ≤ xwmax“. 

9.For a point to be clipped, which of the following conditions must be satisfied by the point?
a) ywmin < y < ywmax
b) ywmin > y > ywmax
c) ywmin = y = ywmax
d) xwmin < x < xwmax
Answer: b
Explanation: A point P(x,y) is NOT clipped if y is more than the minimum value of y and less than the maximum value of y. Mathematically, it can be written as  “ywmin ≤ y ≤ ywmax“. 

10.Which type of clipping is used to clip character strings?
a) text clipping
b) line clipping
c) sentence clipping
d) word clipping
Answer: a
Explanation: Text clipping is the algorithm which is used to clip character strings. It depends on the methods which are used to generate original characters. 

11.In polygon clipping, line clipping algorithms can be used.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Explanation: Polygon is a two dimensional shape formed by straight lines. So we can conclude, polygon’s basic components are lines, hence line clipping algorithm can be used for polygon clipping.

 

1.Three dimensional computer graphics become effective In the late
a.1960
b.1980
c.1970
d.1950                                                
Answer: (b).1980

2.The quake , one of the first fully 3D games was released in year
a.1996
b.1976
c.1986
d.1999                 
Answer: (a).1996

3.A three dimensional graphics has
a.Two axes
b.Three axes
c.Both a & b
d.None of these
Answer: (b).Three axes

4. _________as the most commonly used boundary presentation for a 3-D graphics object.
a.Data polygon
b.Surface polygon
c.System polygon
d.None of these       
Answer: (b).Surface polygon

5. A three dimensional object can also be represented using_______.
a.Method
b.Equation
c.Point
d.None of these
Answer: (b).Equation

6. An_______ can be considered as an extension of spherical surface.
a.Bezier
b.Ellipsoid
c.Shearing    
d.None of these
Answer: (b).Ellipsoid

7. _______curve is one of the sp line approximation methods.
a.Bezier
b.Ellipsoid
c.Shearing
d.None of these
Answer: (a).Bezier

8. A Bezier curve is a polynomial of degree ___________the no of control points used.
a.One more than
b.One less than
c.Two less than
d.None of these
Answer: (b).One less than

9. The most basic transformation that are applied in three-dimensional planes are
a.Translation
b.Scaling
c.Rotation
d.All of these       
Answer: (d).All of these

10. The transformation in which an object can be shifted to any coordinate position in three dimensional plane are called
a.Translation
b.Scaling
c.Rotation
d.Shearing
Answer: (a).Translation

11. In parallel projection coordinate transformed to view plane along
a.Same lines 
b.Perpendicular lines
c.Parallel lines 
d.None of the above
Answer: (c).Parallel lines 

12. Relative proportion of object is mentioned in
a.Iso-projection
b.Perspective projection
c.Parallel projection 
d.None of the above
Answer: (c).Parallel projection 

13. Projectors perpendicular to view plane is called
a.Orthographic projection 
b.Perspective projection 
c.Parallel projection
d.None of the above
Answer: (a).Orthographic projection 

14. The projection obtained by aligning the projection plane so that it
intersect each coordinate axes at the same distance from view plane is called
a.Isometric projection 
b.Perspective projection
c.Parallel projection
d.None of the above
Answer: (a).Isometric projection 

15. Front, side, rear orthographic projection is called
a.View
b.Elevation
c.Oblique
d.None of the above
Answer: (b).Elevation

16. Top orthographic projection is called
a.Plan View 
b.Elevation
c.Oblique 
d.None of the above
Answer: (a).Plan View 

17. Which of the device provides the view of perspective projection
a.Camera
b.Mouse
c.Printer
d.Plotter
Answer: (a).Camera

18. “A object can have more than vanishing point” This statement is
a.True
b.False
c.Practically not possible
d.Practically not possible
Answer: (a).True

19. The centre of projection for parallel projectors is at
a.Zero
b.Infinity 
c.One
d.None of these
Answer: (b).Infinity 

20. The equation for describing surface of 3D plane are
a.Ax + By + Cz + D = 0
b.Ax + By + Cz = 0
c.Ax + By + D = 0
d.Ax + By + Cz+ D = 1
Answer: (a).Ax + By + Cz + D = 0

21. The surfaces that is blocked or hidden from view in a 3D scene are
known as
a.Hidden surface 
b.Frame buffer 
c.Quad tree
d.None of these
Answer: (a).Hidden surface

22. Why we need removal of hidden surface
a.for displaying realistic view 
b.for determining the closest visible surface
c.Both a & b 
d.None of these
Answer: (c).Both a & b 

23. The technique of hidden surface are
a.Object-space method
b.Image-space method 
c.Both a & b 
d.None of these
Answer: (c).Both a & b 

24. The method which is based on the principle of comparing objects and
parts of objects to each other to find which are visible and which are
hidden are called
a.Object-space method 
b.Image-space method
c.Both a & b 
d.None of these
Answer: (a).Object-space method 

25. The method which is based on the principle of checking the visibility
point at each pixel position on the projection plane are called
a.Object-space method 
b.Image-space method 
c.Both a & b
d.None of these
Answer: (b).Image-space method 

26. Which of the following is a hidden surface removal algorithm
a.Z-buffer
b.Scan line algorithm
c.Painter’s algorithm 
d.All of these 
Answer: (d).All of these 

27. Which surface algorithm is based on perspective depth
a.Depth comparison
b.Z-buffer or depth-buffer algorithm 
c.subdivision method
d.back-face removal 
Answer: (b).Z-buffer or depth-buffer algorithm 

28. Z -buffer algorithm are
a.Simplest algorithm 
b.Complex algorithm 
c.Largest algorithm
d.None of these
Answer: (a).Simplest algorithm 

29. The array are used with scan line algorithm are
a.For intensity value 
b.For depth value
c.Both a & b 
d.None of these
Answer: (C). Both a & b 

30. Scan lines are used to scan from
a.Top to bottom 
b.Bottom to top
c.Both a & b
d.None of these
Answer: (a).Top to bottom

1.What is animation

 a. electronic medium of recording 
 b. copying images
 c. illusion of motion by displaying set of images 
 d .series of pictures
     Answer.(c).illusion of motion by displaying set of images

2.A surface rendering algorithm

 a.is used to calculate the intensity of light that we should see at a given point on the surface of an object 
 b. uses the intensity calculations to determine the light intensity 
 c. scattered light from a rough surface
d. light source creating highlights on bright spots
    Answer.(b).uses the intensity calculations to determine the light intensity 

3.Diffuse reflection is

 a.is used to calculate the intensity of light that we should see at a given point on the surface of an object
 b. uses the intensity calculations to determine the light intensity
 c. scattered light from a rough surface
 d. light source creating highlights on bright spots
     Answer.(c).scattered light from a rough surface

4.Shading Model

 a.is used to calculate the intensity of light that we should see at a given point on the surface of an object
 b. uses the intensity calculations to determine the light intensity
 c. scattered light from a rough surface
 d. light source creating highlights on bright spots
     Answer.(a).is used to calculate the intensity of light that we should see at a given point on the surface of an object

5.The diagram shows a ray of light being reflected by a plane mirror. The angle of reflection is:

 a.20
 b.70
 c.110
 d.55
     Answer.(d).55

6. In between in the animation process is

 a. intermediate frames between the key frame
 b. positioning of objects & light sources
 c. layout of motion paths for the object and camera
 d. an animation package
    Answer.(a).intermediate frames between the key frame

7.Which is associated with action specification in the animation?

 a. intermediate frames between the key frame
 b. positioning of objects
 c. layout of motion paths for the object and camera
 d.an animation package
     Answer.(b).positioning of objects

8.The image in a plane mirror is always

 a. virtual, erect and diminished. 
 b. real, erect and diminished.
 c. virtual, laterally inverted and diminished.
 d. virtual, erect and the same size. 
     Answer.(d).virtual, erect and the same size. 

9.A film requires

 a.10 frames /sec
 b.20 frames /sec
 c.24 frames /sec 
 d. none
    Answer.(c).24 frames /sec 

10An object definition in the animation process is

 a. Each frame of the scene is separately generated & stored.
 b. Defines the motion sequence as a set of basic events to take place.
 c. This is given to define each object in the scene in terms of basic shapes. 
 d. It is a detailed drawing of the same
     Answer.(c).This is given to define each object in the scene in terms of basic shapes. 

11.The method which is based on the principle of checking the visibility point at each pixel position on the projection plane are called

 a. Object-space methods 
b. Image-space methods 
c. Both a & b
d. None of these
     Answer.(b).Image-space methods 

12.The types of hidden surface removal algorithm are

a. Depth comparison, Z-buffer, back-face removal
b .scan line algorithm, priority algorithm
c. BSP method, area subdivision metho
 d. All of these 
    Answer.(d) No Description Available For This Answer.

13.Which surface algorithm is based on perspective depth?

 a. Depth comparison
 b .Z-buffer or depth-buffer algorithm 
 c. subdivision method
 d. back-face removal 
    Answer.(b) No Description Available For This Answer.

14A process with the help of which images or picture can be produced in amore realistic way is called

a. Fractals
 b. Quad-tree 
c. Rendering 
d. None of these
     Answer.(c)No Description Available For This Answer.

15.The basic ray tracing algorithm provides

 a.Transparency
 b. Visible-surface detection
 c. Shadow effect, multiple light source illumination 
 d. All of these 
   Answer.(d) No Description Available For This Answer.

16.A fast and simple method for rendering an object with polygon surface is

a. Constant-intensity shading
 b. Flat shading
 c. Both a & b 
 d. None of these 
    Answer.(c)No Description Available For This Answer.

17.Scan lines are used to scan from.

a. Top to bottom 
b. Bottom to top
 c. Both a & b 
 d. None of these
    Answer.(a)No Description Available For This Answer.

18.To produce the motion in the image by placing the elements of the image
      on different location, which software are used.

 a . Macromedia flash
 b.GIF works 
 c. Both a & b 
 D. none
    Answer.(c)No Description Available For This Answer.

19.It refers to simulated motion pictures showing movement of drawn
      objects.

  a. Motion
 b. Animation 
 c. VR
 d. SMD
     Answer.(b)No Description Available For This Answer.

20.The ____________ is a piece of equipment designed to make cartoons
more realistic and enjoyable. It uses stacked panes of glass each with
different elements of the animation.

a. Multiplane camera 
 b. VR
 c. Thaumatrope
 d. Phenakistoscope
Answer.(a)No Description Available For This Answer.