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About the Course 0
Capgemini Complete Study Materials
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Capgemini Detailed Syllabus 1
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Capgemini Detailed SyllabusLecture2.1
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[Technical Test Prep] Fundamental of Database 49
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Introduction to DBMS Basic Concept 07 minLecture3.1
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Advantages and Disadvantage of DBMS 08 minLecture3.2
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Architecture of DBMS 07 minLecture3.3
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Database Administrator Manager Storage Manager 06 minLecture3.4
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Data Independence 07 minLecture3.5
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Entity Relationship Modelling with solved example 09 minLecture3.6
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Extended Entity Relationship Model with solved example 07 minLecture3.7
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Data Modelling 08 minLecture3.8
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Inference Rules 07 minLecture3.9
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Keys 09 minLecture3.10
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E-R To Relational Schema #1 20 minLecture3.11
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E-R To Relational Schema #2 25 minLecture3.12
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Introduction to SQL 07 minLecture3.13
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Data definition language 10 minLecture3.14
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DML ( data manipulation language ) 07 minLecture3.15
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DRL ( Data Retrieval Language) 07 minLecture3.16
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Aggregate Function in SQL 09 minLecture3.17
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Types Of Joins & Inner Join 15 minLecture3.18
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Left, Right & Full Join 05 minLecture3.19
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SQL Queries | Solved Example – 1 18 minLecture3.20
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SQL Queries | Solved Example – 2 17 minLecture3.21
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SQL Queries | Solved Example – 3 12 minLecture3.22
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SQL Queries | Solved Example – 4 15 minLecture3.23
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SQL Queries | Solved Example – 5 09 minLecture3.24
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PL SQL | part 1 | 08 minLecture3.25
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PL SQL | part 2 | 08 minLecture3.26
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Query Processing And Query Optimisation [Part 1] 11 minLecture3.27
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Query Processing And Query Optimisation [Part 2] 09 minLecture3.28
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Query Processing And Query Optimisation [Part 3] 06 minLecture3.29
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Query Processing And Query Optimisation [Part4] 03 minLecture3.30
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Integrity Constraints 07 minLecture3.31
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Trigger 08 minLecture3.32
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Normalization and first normal form 1NF 10 minLecture3.33
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Second Normal Form 2NF example 09 minLecture3.34
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Third Normal Form 3NF with example 09 minLecture3.35
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BCNF | Boyce Cod Normal Form | with example 10 minLecture3.36
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Decomposition And Dependency Preservation 08 minLecture3.37
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Canonical Cover 06 minLecture3.38
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Concurrency Control 09 minLecture3.39
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Concurrency Control – Lock Based Protocol in DBMS Transaction 08 minLecture3.40
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Timestamp Based Protocol 11 minLecture3.41
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Deadlock Full concept in DBMS transaction management 12 minLecture3.42
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Shadow Paging in Database Recovery 12 minLecture3.43
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Log Based Database Recovery 08 minLecture3.44
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Shadow Copy Technique in Database recovery 05 minLecture3.45
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Transaction State and Acid Properties 05 minLecture3.46
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Transaction Schedule 07 minLecture3.47
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View Serializability 05 minLecture3.48
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Conflict Serializability 09 minLecture3.49
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[Technical Test Prep] Data Structures 87
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01 – Introducton [DSA Introduction] 08 minLecture4.1
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02 – Types Of Data Structures [DSA Introduction] 06 minLecture4.2
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03 – Operations Of Data Structures [DSA Introduction] 06 minLecture4.3
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04 – Concept Of Abstract Data Type [DSA Introduction] 06 minLecture4.4
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05 – Arrays – Part 1 [DSA Introduction] 16 minLecture4.5
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06 – Arrays – Part 2 [DSA Introduction] 19 minLecture4.6
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07 – Introduction To Stack [Stacks] 04 minLecture4.7
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08 – Operations Of Stack ADT [Stacks] 06 minLecture4.8
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09 – Stack Implementation Using Array Part – 1 [Stacks] 10 minLecture4.9
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10 – Stack Implementation Using Array Part – 2 [Stacks] 12 minLecture4.10
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12 – Operations Of Queue ADT [Queues] 04 minLecture4.11
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11 – Introduction Of Queue [Queues] 04 minLecture4.12
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13 – Queue Implementation Using Array Part – 1 [Queues] 11 minLecture4.13
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14 – Queue Implementation Using Array Part-2 [Queues] 09 minLecture4.14
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15 – Circular Queue Implementation Part – 1 [Queues] 12 minLecture4.15
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16 – Circular Queue Implementation Part – 2 [Queues] 09 minLecture4.16
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17 – Introduction To Linked List [Linked Lists] 05 minLecture4.17
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18 – Array Vs Linked List [Linked Lists] 07 minLecture4.18
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19 – Linked List Implementation Part – 1 [Linked Lists] 17 minLecture4.19
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20 – Linked List Implementation Part – 2 [Linked Lists] 10 minLecture4.20
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21 – Linked List Implementation Part – 3 [Linked Lists] 10 minLecture4.21
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22 – Linked List Implementation Part – 4 [Linked Lists] 14 minLecture4.22
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23 – Linked List Implementation Part – 5 [Linked Lists] 09 minLecture4.23
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24 – Linked List Implementation Part – 6 [Linked Lists] 10 minLecture4.24
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25 – Stack Implementation Using Linked List – Part 1 [Linked Lists] 09 minLecture4.25
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26 – Stack Implementation Using Linked List – Part 2 [Linked Lists] 06 minLecture4.26
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27 – Queue Using Linked List Part – 1 [Linked Lists] 10 minLecture4.27
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28 – Queue Using Linked List Part – 2 [Linked Lists] 07 minLecture4.28
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29 – Circular Queue Using Linked List [Linked Lists] 10 minLecture4.29
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30 – Implementation Of Doubly Linked List – Part 1 [Linked Lists] 14 minLecture4.30
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31 – Implementation Of Doubly Linked List – Part 2 [Linked Lists] 08 minLecture4.31
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32 – Implementation Of Doubly Linked List – Part 3 [Linked Lists] 10 minLecture4.32
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33 – Implementation Of Doubly Linked List – Part 4 [Linked Lists] 10 minLecture4.33
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34 – Implementation Of Doubly Linked List – Part 5 [Linked Lists] 12 minLecture4.34
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Data Structures And AlgorithmsLecture4.35
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Data Structures And Algorithms Practice ProblemLecture4.36
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Binary Tree Implementation Part 1 – Insertion & Traversing [Trees] 14 minLecture4.37
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Introduction to Tree Data Structure & Binary Tree [Trees] 06 minLecture4.38
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Binary Tree Implementation Part 2 – Traversing & Deletion [Trees] 12 minLecture4.39
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Binary tree Traversal [Trees] 14 minLecture4.40
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Tree traversal methods: Pre, post and in-order traversal [Trees] 14 minLecture4.41
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(Binary Search Tree) – Traverse the Tree in In-Order, Pre-Order and Post-Order [Trees] 11 minLecture4.42
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Height Balaced Binary Search Tree 12 minLecture4.43
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AVL Tree [Trees] 16 minLecture4.44
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AVL Tree Solved Example – #1 [Trees] 17 minLecture4.45
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AVL Tree Solved Example – #2 [Trees] 17 minLecture4.46
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B-Tree Introduction [Trees] 12 minLecture4.47
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B-Tree Solved Example – #1 14 minLecture4.48
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B-Tree Solved Example – #2 [Trees] 12 minLecture4.49
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Huffman Coding [Trees] 07 minLecture4.50
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BFS & DFS – #1 [Graphs] 14 minLecture4.51
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Topological Sorting [Graphs] 11 minLecture4.52
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Graphs Introduction [Graphs] 13 minLecture4.53
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BFS & DFS – #2 [Graphs] 12 minLecture4.54
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Topological Sorting – Solved Example [Graphs] 09 minLecture4.55
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Linear Search [Recursion and Storage Management] 05 minLecture4.56
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Recursion – Winding & Unwinding [Recursion and Storage Management] 12 minLecture4.57
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Binary Search [Recursion and Storage Management] 11 minLecture4.58
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Introduction to Buddy System [Recursion and Storage Management] 10 minLecture4.59
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Problems on Buddy System [Recursion and Storage Management] 08 minLecture4.60
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Hashing Collision [Searching & Sorting] 12 minLecture4.61
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Hashing concept [Searching & Sorting] 06 minLecture4.62
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Linear Probing – #2 [Searching & Sorting] 12 minLecture4.63
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Linear Probing – #1 [Searching & Sorting] 13 minLecture4.64
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Linear Probing With Collisions – Solved [Searching & Sorting] 10 minLecture4.65
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Linear + Quadratic Probing – Solved Example [Searching & Sorting] 15 minLecture4.66
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Searching & Sorting Introduction [Searching & Sorting] 12 minLecture4.67
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Selection Sorting – #2 [Searching & Sorting] 12 minLecture4.68
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Selection Sorting – #1 [Searching & Sorting] 12 minLecture4.69
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Insertion Sort – #1 [Searching & Sorting] 12 minLecture4.70
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Insertion Sort – #2 [Searching & Sorting] 12 minLecture4.71
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Merge Sort – #2 [Searching & Sorting] 12 minLecture4.72
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Merge Sort – #1 [Searching & Sorting] 12 minLecture4.73
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Merge Sort – #3 [Searching & Sorting] 10 minLecture4.74
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Quick Sort – #1 [Searching & Sorting] 10 minLecture4.75
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Quick Sort – #2 [Searching & Sorting] 09 minLecture4.76
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Radix Sort – #1 [Searching & Sorting] 10 minLecture4.77
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Radix Sort – #2 [Searching & Sorting] 10 minLecture4.78
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Heap Data Structure [Applications of Data Structures] 11 minLecture4.79
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Min & Max Heap [Applications of Data Structures] 12 minLecture4.80
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Infix Notation & Conversion [Applications of Data Structures] 11 minLecture4.81
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Prefix, Postfix Notation & Conversion [Applications of Data Structures] 12 minLecture4.82
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Prim’s & Kruskal’s #1 [Applications of Data Structures] 19 minLecture4.83
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Prim’s & Kruskal’s #2 [Applications of Data Structures] 10 minLecture4.84
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[Soln] Mod 4 – Recursion & Storage Management [MU – Dec-2024 Importance Solutions]Lecture4.85
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[Soln] Mod 5 – Searching & Sorting [MU – Dec-2024 Importance Solutions]Lecture4.86
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[Soln] Mod 6 – Application Of Data Structures [MU – Dec-2024 Importance Solutions]Lecture4.87
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[Technical Test Prep] Networking and Cloud 39
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[Introduction To Networking] Introduction to Computer Networks 12 minLecture5.1
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[Introduction To Networking] Network Topologies 12 minLecture5.2
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[Introduction To Networking] Network Connecting Devices 11 minLecture5.3
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[Introduction To Networking] Connection-Oriented vs Connection-Less Communication 09 minLecture5.4
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[Introduction To Networking] OSI Reference Model 07 minLecture5.5
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[Introduction To Networking] TCP-IP Reference Model 07 minLecture5.6
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[Introduction To Networking] OSI vs TCP-IP Model Comparision 08 minLecture5.7
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[Introduction To Networking] Network Classification LAN, MAN, WAN 08 minLecture5.8
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[Introduction To Networking] Virtual Lan’s 08 minLecture5.9
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[Physical Layer] Transmission Media: Guided and Unguided [Difference] 09 minLecture5.10
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[Physical Layer] Twisted-Pair Cables 08 minLecture5.11
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[Physical Layer] Co-Axial Cable 07 minLecture5.12
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[Physical Layer] Fiber Optics Part [01] 11 minLecture5.13
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[Physical Layer] Fiber Optics Part [02] 11 minLecture5.14
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[Data Link Layer] Framing and it’s Methods 08 minLecture5.15
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[Data Link Layer] Error Detection and its Methods 08 minLecture5.16
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[Data Link Layer] Hamming Code 10 minLecture5.17
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[Data Link Layer] Cyclic Redundancy Check Part [01] 09 minLecture5.18
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[Data Link Layer] Cyclic Redundancy Check Part [02] 05 minLecture5.19
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[Data Link Layer] Parity Checking and Checksum Error Detection 09 minLecture5.20
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[Data Link Layer] Flow Control: Stop and Wait and Sliding Window Protocol 08 minLecture5.21
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[Data Link Layer] Go Back- N ARQ System 08 minLecture5.22
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[Data Link Layer] SDLC protocol 05 minLecture5.23
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[Data Link Layer] HDLC protocol 12 minLecture5.24
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[Data Link Layer] Carrier Sense Multiple Access-Collision Detection Procedure (CSMA-CD) 07 minLecture5.25
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[Network Layer] IP address vs MAC address 09 minLecture5.26
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[Network Layer] IPv4 Header Format 13 minLecture5.27
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[Network Layer] IPv4 vs IPv6 10 minLecture5.28
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[Network Layer] Routing Algorithms Part 01 12 minLecture5.29
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[Network Layer] Routing Algorithms Part 02 10 minLecture5.30
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[Network Layer] ARP & RARP 07 minLecture5.31
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[Network Layer] Leaky Bucket Algorithm 05 minLecture5.32
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[Network Layer] Token Bucket Algorithm 06 minLecture5.33
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[Transport Layer] Berkeley Sockets 07 minLecture5.34
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[Transport Layer] User Datagram Protocol 07 minLecture5.35
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[Application Layer] Domain Name Server – DNS 06 minLecture5.36
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[Application Layer] Simple Mail Transfer Protocol – SMTP 05 minLecture5.37
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[Application Layer] Hypertext Transfer Protocol – HTTP 08 minLecture5.38
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[Application Layer] File Transfer Protocol – FTP 05 minLecture5.39
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Essay Writing Prep 3
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Essay Writing Tips and Tricks 19 minLecture6.1
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Essay Writing ExamplesLecture6.2
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Essay Writing Best PracticesLecture6.3
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[ Verbal ] - Reading Comprehension 6
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Reading Comprehension 13 minLecture7.1
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Reading Comprehension [ Notes + Solved Examples + Practice Problem ]Lecture7.2
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Reading Comprehension -1 24 minLecture7.3
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Reading Comprehension -2 19 minLecture7.4
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Reading Comprehension Notes 1Lecture7.5
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Reading Comprehension Notes 2Lecture7.6
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[ Verbal ] - Sentence Completion 2
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Sentence Completion 18 minLecture8.1
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Sentence Completion NotesLecture8.2
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[ Verbal ] - Error Identification 2
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Error Identification 13 minLecture9.1
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Error Identification NotesLecture9.2
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[ Verbal ] - Synonyms And Antonyms 4
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Synonyms and Antonyms 14 minLecture10.1
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Synonyms And Antonyms [ Notes + Solved Examples + Practice Problem ]Lecture10.2
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Synonyms 28 minLecture10.3
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Antonyms 22 minLecture10.4
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[ Verbal ] - Roots words 2
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Roots words [ Prefix and Suffix ] 13 minLecture11.1
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Roots words [ Prefix and Suffix ] NotesLecture11.2
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[ Verbal ] - Sentence Rearrangement 3
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Rearrangements – 1 21 minLecture12.1
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Rearrangements – 2 21 minLecture12.2
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Sentence Rearrangement NotesLecture12.3
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[ Verbal ] - Paragraph 2
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Paragraph 22 minLecture13.1
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Paragraph FormationLecture13.2
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[ Verbal ] - Sentence Corrections 3
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Sentence Corrections – 1 23 minLecture14.1
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Sentence Corrections – 2 22 minLecture14.2
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Sentence Correction NotesLecture14.3
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[ Verbal ] - Fill in the Blanks 9
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Conjunction 10 minLecture15.1
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Prepositions 11 minLecture15.2
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Articles 15 minLecture15.3
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Tenses 21 minLecture15.4
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Conjunction NotesLecture15.5
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Prepositions NotesLecture15.6
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Articles NotesLecture15.7
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Tenses NotesLecture15.8
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Tenses Practice ProblemsLecture15.9
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[ Verbal ] - Subject Verb Agreement 2
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Subject Verb and Agreement 22 minLecture16.1
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Subject Verb Agreement NotesLecture16.2
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[ Verbal ] - Verbal Ability Extra 9
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Introduction to Verbal Ability + Tenses Part #1 12 minLecture17.1
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Tenses Part #1 11 minLecture17.2
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Tenses [ Notes + Solved Examples + Practice Problem ]Lecture17.3
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Error Detection and Correction + Sentence Completion #1 14 minLecture17.4
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Sentence Completion Part #2 13 minLecture17.5
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Spotting Erorrs [ Notes + Solved Examples + Practice Problem ]Lecture17.6
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Sentence Completion [ Notes + Solved Examples + Practice Problem ]Lecture17.7
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Assumption in Verbal Reasoning 14 minLecture17.8
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Deduction in Verbal Reasoning 26 minLecture17.9
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Aptitude Test Game Based 4
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Coding 16
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Problem Solving 1 22 minLecture19.1
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Problem Solving 2 28 minLecture19.2
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Problem Solving 3 24 minLecture19.3
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Problem Solving 4 34 minLecture19.4
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Problem Solving 5 35 minLecture19.5
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Problem Solving 6 23 minLecture19.6
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Problem Solving 7 23 minLecture19.7
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Problem Solving 8 14 minLecture19.8
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Problem Solving 9 24 minLecture19.9
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Problem Solving 10 29 minLecture19.10
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Arrays Part-1Lecture19.11
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Arrays Part-2Lecture19.12
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Number SystemLecture19.13
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Problems on SortingLecture19.14
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Number SeriesLecture19.15
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Problems on StringLecture19.16
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[Coding Languages Tutorials] C Programming 32
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C Programming Part #1 10 minLecture20.1
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C Programming Part #2 12 minLecture20.2
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C Programming Part #3 16 minLecture20.3
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C Programming Part #4 21 minLecture20.4
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C Programming Part #5 23 minLecture20.5
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C Programming Part #6 15 minLecture20.6
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C Programming Part #7 15 minLecture20.7
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C Programming Part #8 14 minLecture20.8
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C Programming Part #9 15 minLecture20.9
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C Programming Part #10 16 minLecture20.10
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C Programming Part #11 12 minLecture20.11
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C Programming Part #12 12 minLecture20.12
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C Programming Part #13 19 minLecture20.13
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C Programming Part #14 13 minLecture20.14
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C Programming Part #15 15 minLecture20.15
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C Programming Part #16 12 minLecture20.16
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C Programming Part #17 13 minLecture20.17
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C Programming Part #18 11 minLecture20.18
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C Programming Part #19 16 minLecture20.19
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C Programming Part #20 13 minLecture20.20
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C Programming Part #21 23 minLecture20.21
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C Programming Part #22 15 minLecture20.22
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C Programming Part #23 14 minLecture20.23
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C Programming Part #24 17 minLecture20.24
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C Programming Part #25 11 minLecture20.25
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C Programming Part #26 13 minLecture20.26
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C Programming Part #27 14 minLecture20.27
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C Programming Part #28 10 minLecture20.28
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C Programming Part #29 10 minLecture20.29
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C Programming Part #30 11 minLecture20.30
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C Programming [Notes]Lecture20.31
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C Programming Practice ProblemLecture20.32
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[Coding Languages Tutorials] C++ Tutorials 26
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Introduction to C++ 11 minLecture21.1
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Input & Output in C++ 14 minLecture21.2
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Difference between Structure in C & C++ 14 minLecture21.3
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Class & Objects C++ 14 minLecture21.4
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Inspector, Mutators, Facilitators 16 minLecture21.5
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Contructor & Destructor 15 minLecture21.6
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Default Arguments & Inline Function 16 minLecture21.7
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Array of Objects 16 minLecture21.8
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Dynamic Memory Allocation 15 minLecture21.9
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Static Member and function 15 minLecture21.10
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Exception handling 18 minLecture21.11
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Composition 22 minLecture21.12
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Friend Class and function 13 minLecture21.13
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Function Overloading 15 minLecture21.14
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Operator Overloading 13 minLecture21.15
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Copy Constructor 05 minLecture21.16
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Inheritance 15 minLecture21.17
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Types of Inheritance 26 minLecture21.18
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Virtual Function 12 minLecture21.19
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Pure Virtual Function 13 minLecture21.20
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Template 15 minLecture21.21
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RTTI 11 minLecture21.22
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Casting Operators 19 minLecture21.23
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Dynamic Array of Object 13 minLecture21.24
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Notes – Object Oriented Programming in C++Lecture21.25
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Practice Problems – Object Oriented Programming In C++Lecture21.26
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[Coding Languages Tutorials] Python for Beginners 27
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1.1 Introduction And Installation 05 minLecture22.1
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2.1 Numbers and Strings 07 minLecture22.2
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2.2 Lists and Dictionaries 07 minLecture22.3
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2.3 Assignment Operators 05 minLecture22.4
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2.4 Development Environment 04 minLecture22.5
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2.5 Visual Studio Code: [VS_Code] 07 minLecture22.6
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3.1 Conditional Statement 05 minLecture22.7
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3.2 User Input 05 minLecture22.8
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3.3 WHILE Loop 05 minLecture22.9
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3.4 FOR Loop 03 minLecture22.10
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3.5 FOR Loop: (Dictionary Enumeration) 05 minLecture22.11
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4.1 Functions 07 minLecture22.12
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4.2 Class and Objects 04 minLecture22.13
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4.3 Constructor 03 minLecture22.14
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4.4 Exception Handling 07 minLecture22.15
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5.1 Modules 06 minLecture22.16
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5.2 Statistics Module 04 minLecture22.17
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5.3 CSV Module 08 minLecture22.18
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5.4 PIP 04 minLecture22.19
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5.5 Jupyter Note Book 07 minLecture22.20
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6.1 SQLite 10 minLecture22.21
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6.2 Tkinter 11 minLecture22.22
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6.3 Making [.exe] in Python 08 minLecture22.23
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Rock Paper Scissor Python Game 13 minLecture22.24
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Message Encode Decode in Python Project 15 minLecture22.25
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Calculator in Python 25 minLecture22.26
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Source Code of all 3 ProjectsLecture22.27
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How to Crack Technical Interviews 7
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Crack technical interviews 01 minLecture23.1
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01 – Series Introduction 01 minLecture23.2
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02 – Job Application Process & Tech Interview Outline 07 minLecture23.3
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03 – Resume Building 101 & Github 06 minLecture23.4
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04 – LinkedIN, Internships, Hackathons & Portfolio Website 14 minLecture23.5
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05 – Data Structures & Algorithms (Strategy) 13 minLecture23.6
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06 – Problem Solving & Next Steps 08 minLecture23.7
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Technical Interview Prep ( Notes + MCQ ) 11
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[ Notes ] OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMINGLecture24.1
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[ Notes ] COMPUTER NETWORKSLecture24.2
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[ Notes ] OPERATING SYSTEMSLecture24.3
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[ Notes ] DBMSLecture24.4
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[ Notes ] SQLLecture24.5
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[ MCQ ] CNLecture24.6
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[ MCQ ] CYBER SECURITYLecture24.7
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[ MCQ ] DBMS.Lecture24.8
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[ MCQ ] OOPSLecture24.9
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[ MCQ ] SQLLecture24.10
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Top 75 Most Asked Technical Interview QuestionsLecture24.11
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HR Interview Course 11
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Introduction 01 minLecture25.1
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Basics of HR Interview [ Understand the WHY ] 05 minLecture25.2
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Interview – 01 Tell Me About Yourself 07 minLecture25.3
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Interview – 02 What are your Strength and Weaknesses 05 minLecture25.4
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Interview – 03 Are you Planning for further Studies 02 minLecture25.5
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Interview Q4 – Why Should we Hire you 06 minLecture25.6
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Interview Q5 – Where do you see yourself in 5 years 06 minLecture25.7
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Interview Q6 – Why do you want to work for our Company 06 minLecture25.8
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Interview Q7 – What are your Salary Expectations 04 minLecture25.9
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Interview Q8 – Do you have any Questions 05 minLecture25.10
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HR Interview Questions with Sample AnswerLecture25.11
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TENSES
Tense can be defined as a word form used to indicate the time of occurrence of an
incident with reference to the moment of speaking. It indicates the completion or
continuance of an activity.
Types of Tenses
● Past
● present
● Future
These tenses can further be categorized into 4 types:
● Simple Tense
● Continuous Tense
● Perfect Tense
● Perfect Continuous Tense
Past Tense Rules
Past tense is used to describe a past activity or action. It is a form of the verb that defines the
events that have already occurred. Examples
● Reema attended the wedding functions.
● He left before I reached.
● Priya wrote a letter to her friends from camp.
Present Tense Rules
The present tense is used to describe the current or present being, situation, or event. It is a
form of the verb that defines the events that are currently happening. Examples
● I am going to the office
● She has been part of this group for 4 years now.
● The concert is amazing.

Future Tense Rules
The future tense is used to describe the future events that haven’t occurred but possibly will
occur in the future. It is a form of the verb that will occur in the future & not exist currently.
Examples
● She will be dancing to classical music.
● We will be shifting to the house upstate tomorrow morning.
● The train will leave in 10 minutes.
Tenses
Tenses Rule
Past simple tense
Subject + V2 + Object
Past Perfect tense
Subject + had + V3 + Object

Past Continuous tense
Subject + was + V1 + ing +
Object (Singular)
Subject + were + V1 + ing +
Object (Plural)
Past perfect continuous
Subject + had been + V1 +
tense
ing + Object
Present Simple tense
Subject + V1 + s/es + Object
(Singular) Subject +
V1 + Object (Plural)
Present Perfect tense
Subject + has + V3 + Object
(Singular) Subject +
have + V3 + Object
(Plural)
Present Continuous tense
Subject + is/am/are + V1 +
ing + object
Present perfect continuous
Subject + has been + V1 +
tense
ing + Object
(Singular)Subject +
have been + V1 + ing +
Object (Plural)
Future Simple tense
Subject + will/shall + V1 +
Object
Future Perfect tense
Subject + will have/shall
have + V3 + Object
Future Continuous tense
Subject + will be/shall be +
ing + V1 + Object
Future Perfect Continuous
Subject + will have been +
tense
V1 + ing + Object
V1 = first form of the verb
V2 = second form of the verb
V3 = third form of the verb

Solved Examples
1) Air pollution caused by industrial effluents has been studied (A)/ for years, but only
recently has (B)/ the harmful effects of noise pollution become known.(C)/No error(D)
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: use have instead of has as harmful effects of noise pollution is plural.
2) The ministry was considered several proposals (A)/ for the development of small
and medium enterprises (B)/during Budget discussions.(C)/No error (D)
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Use simple past tense. (The ministry considered several proposals)
3) Having work(A)/ in both public and private sector banks(B)/she is the most suitable
person to take over the post of the chairman.(C)/No error(D)
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Replace work by worked as the sentence is of past tense.
4) Rohit started a very small business two years ago (A)/ but it grew very fast (B)/as
the country is experiencing a boom at that time.(C)/No error(D)
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The sentence is in the past tense, so use was experiencing.
5) Keeping in mind the current market conditions (A)/ it has better for us (B)/ to invest
in the infrastructure structure. (C)/No error(D)
Correct Answer: B

Explanation: Replace it has better for us with ‘it is better for us’. The sentence is in
the present tense.
Practice Problems
1) Our equipment gets (A)/ damage very often in summer (B)/ because there are too
many power cuts. (C)/No error (D)
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Use damaged instead of damage as the sentence is in passive voice. The
third form of the verb is used in passive voice.
2) Most children liked to rest in the afternoon (A)/ after they returned from school
(B)/but my son seems to have an inexhaustible source of energy. (C)/No error (D)
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: replace seems by seemed as the sentence is in the past tense.
3) The cutting down on costs (A)/was the main reason for the firm to survive (B)/even
during a very difficult period. (C)/No error (D)
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: No error
4) I will go (A)/ for the dance classes tomorrow (B)/ if I have recovered from fever.
(C)/No error. (D)
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: If I have recovered is to be replaced by if I recover. Sentences of future
beginning with if should be in simple present.
5) The principal announced (A)/ in the school assembly that the school fees (B)/ will
be hiked from the beginning of the next academic session. (C)/No error(D)
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Replace will with would. (The sentence is in indirect speech)

6) The terrorist did not (A)/ confessed his crime even till the very end (B)/of his trail
and said that he was innocent.(C) /No error (D)
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Replace confessed with confess. (We use the first form of the verb with
did).
7) If the industrial sector continues to grow(A)/ at the same rate for the next few
months(B)/ I think it has a high growth rate this year.(C)/No error (D)
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Replace I think it has with it will have as it is of the future tense.
8) Results find that girls (A)/ played not only more than boys(B)/ but also performed
better in many fields.(C)/No error (D)
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Replace find with found as the sentence is of past tense.
9) Celebrating her fifteen long years in the film industry (A)/the actor announce that he
would be doing a new show (B)/on television which would be done completely free of
cost.(C)/No error (D)
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Replace announce with announced as the sentence is of past tense.
10) Had I known (A)/ the weather forecast earlier (B)/I would not make plans to go
out. (C)/ No error (D)
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: replace ‘would not make’ with would not have made. (for imaginary
sentences of the past tense would have and the third form of the verb
is used). It’s a conditional sentence.

11) If you to talk to him on this sensitive matter(A)/ it is probable(B)/ that he will not
listen to you at all.(C)/ No error (D)
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: No error
12) On many occasions (A)/we did helped the poor (B)/ people by way of giving them
food to eat and clothes to put on. (C)/ No error (D)
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Omit did
13) The farewell party continued (A)/till midnight as more and more(B)/ guests join in
the fun and frolic.(C)/ No error (D)
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: replace join with joined as the sentence is of past tense.
14) The market continues to be positive (A)/ and we expected the trend (B)/ to
continue in the next quarter also. (C)/No error (D)
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Replace expect with expect as the latter part of the sentence is of future
tense.
15) Big zamindars in the villages(A)/ who were till now paid for electricity(B)/ at
subsidized rates will soon have to pay the government at full rates.(C)/ No error(D)
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Replace paid with paying as the sentence is of past continuous tense.


