1.What is the definition of Computer Network?

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A computer network is a group of computer systems that are linked together through communication channels to facilitate communication and resource-sharing among a wide range of users.

2.What are the uses of Computer Network?

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i) Users can share resources and communicate.
ii)File sharing.
iii) Hardware sharing (Printers, CD-ROM drives and hard drive).
iv)Program sharing.
v) Multiplayer gaming.

3..What are the components of a computer network?

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a)Servers ,b)Clients,c)Transmission Media,d)Shared data,e)Shared printers and other peripherals ,f)Network Interface Card ,g)Network Operating System ,h)Hub,i)Switch,j)Router,k)LAN Cable

4.Compare TCP/IP and OSI model.

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a)TCP/IP has 4 layers whereas the OSI model has 7 layers.
b)TCP/IP model is based on standard protocols around which the Internet has developed. It is a communication protocol, which allows connection of hosts over a network whereas OSI is a generic, protocol independent standard, acting as a communication gateway between the network and the end user.
c)In the TCP/IP model the transport layer does not guarantee delivery of packets. Still the TCP/IP model is more reliable ,on the other hand,In OSI model the transport layer guarantees the delivery of packets.
d)In the TCP/IP,transport Layer is both Connection Oriented and Connection less Whereas In the OSI,transport Layer is Connection Oriented.
e)In the TCP/IP,network Layer is Connection less, on the other hand, In OSI, Network Layer is both Connection Oriented and Connection less.

5..What are the protocols of the Network layer?

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IP, ICMP, IPsec, IGMP.

6.What is a token ring?

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Token Ring is based on a token passing MAC protocol with ring topology.. They resolve the uncertainty by giving each station a turn on by one. Each node takes turns sending the data; each station may transmit data during its turn. The technique that coordinates this turn mechanism is called Token passing. In the token passing method,the stations in a network are organized in a logical ring.Here,a special packet called a token circulates through the ring.

7.What is ping in a computer network?

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Ping stands for Packet Internet Groper. It is a software utility used to determine whether a given IP address is accessible or not

8.What is network topology? What network topologies are there in a computer network?

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Network topology refers to the layout of a network and how different nodes in a network are connected to each other and how they communicate.

Following are the five most common network topologies:
a)Bus topology,
b)Ring topology,
c)Star topology,
d)Mesh topology,
e)Tree topology.

9.Discuss the definitions of : a)Bus topology, b)Ring topology, c)Star topology, d)Mesh topology, e)Tree topology.

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a)Bus topology: In this topology, all the nodes are connected to a single cable(called bus), by the help of interface connectors.This central cable is the backbone of the network and is known as Bus.
Bus networks are relatively used for small networks.It is good for LAN.
b)Ring topology:In a ring topology,all the nodes are connected in a closed loop.Message travel around the ring,with each node reading those messages addressed to it.

c)star topology:In a star network devices are connected to a central computer,called a hub.Nodes communicate across the network by passing data through the hub.

d)Mesh topology:In a mesh topology,every device has a dedicated point-to-point link to every other device in the network.The term dedicated means that the link carries traffic only between the two devices it connects.

e)Tree topology: This is a hybrid topology that combines characteristics of linear bus and star topologies. In a tree network, groups of star-configured networks are connected to a linear bus backbone cable.